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Overdiagnosis, and thus overtreatment, are inevitable consequences of most screening programmes; identification of ways of minimising the impact of overdiagnosis demands new prospective research, in particular the need to separate clinically relevant lesions that require active treatment from those that can be safely left alone or monitored and only need treated if they change characteristics. Breast cancer screening has led to a large increase in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) diagnoses. This is a widely heterogeneous disease and most DCIS detected through screening is of high cytonuclear grade and therefore likely to be important clinically. However, the historic practice of surgical treatment for all DCIS is unlikely to be optimal for lower risk patients. A clearer understanding of how to manage DCIS is required. This article describes the background and development of 'The low risk' DCIS trial (LORIS), a phase III trial of surgery versus active monitoring. LORIS will determine if it is appropriate to manage women with screen detected or asymptomatic, low grade and intermediate grade DCIS with low grade features, by active monitoring rather than by surgical treatment.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.ejca.2015.07.017

Type

Journal article

Journal

Eur J Cancer

Publication Date

11/2015

Volume

51

Pages

2296 - 2303

Keywords

Breast cancer, Breast screening, Clinical trial, DCIS, Low grade DCIS, Over treatment, Biopsy, Breast Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating, Clinical Protocols, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Early Detection of Cancer, Female, Health Care Costs, Humans, Mammography, Mastectomy, Medical Overuse, Neoplasm Grading, Patient Selection, Predictive Value of Tests, Research Design, United Kingdom, Watchful Waiting